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Wasserstoff

Wasserstoff Informationen, einschließlich Technische Daten, Safety Data und seine Eigenschaften, Forschung, Anwendungen und andere nützliche Fakten sind erörtert werden. Wissenschaftliche Fakten, wie die atomare Struktur, Ionisierungenergie, Fülle auf der Erde, Leitfähigkeit und thermischen Eigenschaften sind im Preis inbegriffen.

Wasserstoff ist das erste Element auf der periodischen Tabelle und der häufigste Element im Universum. Als weiteres refinable Gas, ist leichter als Luft, die verwendet wurden in der ersten Ballonfahrt Experimente. Es war das Gas, die von der berühmten Hindenburg Luftschiff. Es verfügt nun über zahlreiche industrielle Anwendungen in Öl Rissen und Produktion von anderen nicht metallischen Kationen, wie Ammonium Verbindungen. Deuterium, ein Isotop von Wasserstoff, werden zur Herstellung von schwerem Wasser (H30), die Anwendung der Kernenergie in der Produktion.

 

  Hydrogen                                 Helium
  Lithium Beryllium                     Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
  Sodium Magnesium                     Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
  Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Hydrogen Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
  Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
  Cesium Barium Cerium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
                                     
      Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium    
      Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawerencium    


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Wasserstoff ist ein Block S, Gruppe 1, Periode 1 Element. Die elektronische Konfiguration 1s1. In seiner elementaren Form Wasserstoff's CAS-Nummer ist 1333-74-0. Das Wasserstoffatom hat einen Radius von 37.3.pm und es ist, Van der Waals Radius ist 120.pm.

Wasserstoff entdeckt wurde von Sir Henry Cavendish im Jahre 1766.








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Hydrogen Abundance. The following table shows the abundance of hydrogen and each of its naturally occurring isotopes on Earth along with the atomic mass for each isotope.

Isotope
Atomic Mass
% Abundance on Earth
H-1
1.008
99.99
H-2
2.014
0.02
H-3
3.016
-

Hydrogen Safety Data. The safety data for hydrogen metal, nanoparticles and its compounds can vary widely depending on the form. For potential hazard information, toxicity, and road, sea and air transportation limitations, such as DOT Hazard Class, DOT Number, EU Number, NFPA Health rating and RTECS Class, please see the specific material or compound referenced in the left margin.

Ionisation Energie. Die Ionisierungenergie für Wasserstoff (die am wenigsten Energie benötigt, um ein einzelnes Elektron aus dem Atom in seinem Grundzustand in der Gasphase) ist in der folgenden Tabelle dargestellt:

1st Ionization Energy
1312.06 kJ mol-1
2nd Ionization Energy
- kJ mol-1
3rd Ionization Energy
- kJ mol-1

Conductivity. As to hydrogen's electrical and thermal conductivity, the electrical conductivity measured in terms of electrical resistivity @ 20 ºC is - µOcm and its electronegativities (or its ability to draw electrons relative to other elements) is 2.2. The thermal conductivity of hydrogen is 0.183 W m-1 K-1.

Thermal Properties of Hydrogen. The melting point and boiling point for hydrogen are stated below. The following chart sets forth the heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and heat of atomization.

Heat of Fusion
0.12 kJ mol-1
Heat of Vaporization
0.46 kJ mol-1
Heat of Atomization
216.003 kJ mol-1



 
Formula Atomic Number Molecular Weight Electronegativity (Pauling) Density Melting Point
Boiling Point
Vanderwaals radius
Ionic radius Energy of first ionization
H 1 1.00794 g.mol -1 2.20 0.08988 g.cm-3 −259.14°C −252.87 °C .120 nm 53 pm 1312.06 kJ.mol-1

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Recent Research & Development for Hydrogen

  • Exogenous Hsc70, but not thermal preconditioning, confers protection to motoneurons subjected to oxidative stress. Dev Neurobiol. 2007 Oct 4; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Regression of lactose malabsorption in coeliac patients after receiving a gluten-free diet. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2007 Oct 5;:1-4 [Epub ahead of print]

  • Complex carbohydrate specificity of lectin from fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum. A surface plasmon resonance study. IUBMB Life. 2007 Sep 27;:1-7 [Epub ahead of print]

  • The role of glycine and prolines in connective tissue fiber staining with hydrogen bonding dyes. Biotech Histochem. 2007 Oct 3;:1-2 [Epub ahead of print]

  • Interaction behaviour of a PDMS-calixarene system and polar analytes characterised by microcalorimetry and spectroscopic methods. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2007 Oct 5; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Oxidative stress induces autophagic cell death independent of apoptosis in transformed and cancer cells. Cell Death Differ. 2007 Oct 5; [Epub ahead of print]

  • Application of Polyglycolized Glycerides in Protection of Amorphous Form of Etoricoxib during Compression. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2007 Oct;55(10):1448-51.

  • The effects of glycine and L-arginine on heat stability of ginsenoside rb(1). Biol Pharm Bull. 2007 Oct;30(10):1975-8.

  • Ammonium violurate: a compact structure with extensive hydrogen bonding in three dimensions. Acta Crystallogr C. 2007 Oct;63(Pt 10):o609-12. Epub 2007 Sep 29.

  • 2,3,5,6-Tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2,5-bis(dimethylamino)2,3,5,6-tetrabora-1,4-dioxane diethyl ether 0.667-solvate. Acta Crystallogr C. 2007 Oct;63(Pt 10):o603-5. Epub 2007 Sep 22.

  • Nucleobase-Fluorobenzene Interactions: Hydrogen Bonding Wins over pi Stacking. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2007 Aug 27; [Epub ahead of print] [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Intramolecular Triarylmethane-triarylmethylium Complexes with a Naphthalene-1,8-diyl Skeleton: Isolation, Structure, and Reactivities of the C--H-Bridged Carbocations. Chemistry. 2007 Aug 27; [Epub ahead of print] [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Photosynthetic H(2) metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (unicellular green algae). Planta. 2007 Aug 25; [Epub ahead of print] [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Solvent effects on the charge transfer excited states of 4-dimethylaminobenzonitrile (DMABN) and 4-dimethylamino-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile (TMABN) studied by time-resolved infrared spectroscopy: a direct observation of hydrogen bonding interactions. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2007 Sep;6(9):987-94. Epub 2007 Aug 6. [PubMed - in process]

  • Electronic spectroscopy and solvatochromism in the chromophore of GFP and the Y66F mutant. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2007 Sep;6(9):976-81. Epub 2007 Jul 19.

  • A Conserved Tyrosine in the beta2 Subunit M4 Segment Is a Determinant of gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor Sensitivity to Propofol. Anesthesiology. 2007 Sep;107(3):412-418. [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Nitro-fatty acid reaction with glutathione and cysteine: Kinetic analysis of thiol alkylation by a Michael addition reaction. J Biol Chem. 2007 Aug 25; [Epub ahead of print] [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 regulates vimentin expression in lung cancer cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2007 Aug 24; [Epub ahead of print] [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Overexpression of Human Hsp27 Inhibits Serum Induced Proliferation in Airway Smooth Muscle Myocytes and Confers Resistance to Hydrogen Peroxide Cytotoxicity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2007 Aug 24; [Epub ahead of print] [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

  • Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis Spores by Liquid Biocides in the Presence of Food Residue. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Aug 24; [Epub ahead of print] [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

 

 

 

 

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